A high-end, 2.3GHz quad-core Core i7 Mac mini with Fusion Drive and 4GB of RAM was more than three times as fast in our file copy and unzip tests as the same Mac mini with a standard 1TB 5400-rpm. Nov 14, 2017  Originally, all Fusion Drives had 128 GB of speedy flash storage alongside the hard drive, but in 2015, Apple reduced the amount of flash storage in the iMac’s 1 TB Fusion Drive to a paltry 24 GB (the Mac mini’s 1 TB Fusion Drive still has 128 GB). The company subsequently increased it to 32 GB, but if you’re buying a new iMac and want.

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Presented as a single volume on your Mac, Fusion Drive automatically and dynamically moves frequently used files to Flash storage for quicker access, while infrequently used items move to the high-capacity hard disk. As a result, you enjoy shorter startup times and—as the system learns how you work—faster application launches and quicker file access.

Mp4 noise reduction app mac. Fusion Drive manages all of this automatically in the background. And it comes already set up, so you don't have to do anything to make it happen.

Availability

Fusion Drive became available as an option for iMac and Mac mini models introduced in late 2012. Fusion Drive now comes standard on some iMac and Mac mini models, and is a configurable option on others. For even faster performance, you can configure a model that uses only flash storage (SSD).

Learn more

• You can use Disk Utility to add a single macOS partition to the hard disk on Fusion Drive, and that partition will function as a separate volume, not as part of Fusion Drive. Disk Utility then dims the button to prevent additional partitions. If creating a Windows partition, use Boot Camp Assistant instead.
• You can use Target Disk Mode to mount Fusion Drive from another Mac that is using OS X Mountain Lion v10.8.2 or later.
• Learn what to do if your Fusion Drive appears as two drives instead of one in the Finder.
• An external drive can't be used as part of a Fusion Drive volume.

Fusion Drive is Apple Inc's implementation of a hybrid drive. Apple's implementation combines a hard disk drive with a NAND flash storage (solid-state drive of 24 GB or more)^[1] and presents it as a single Core Storage managed logical volume with the space of both drives combined.^[2]

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The operating system automatically manages the contents of the drive so the most frequently accessed files are stored on the faster flash storage, while infrequently used items move to or stay on the hard drive.^[3] For example, if spreadsheet software is used often, the software will be moved to the flash storage for faster user access. In software, this logical volume speeds up performance of the computer by performing both caching for faster writes and auto tiering for faster reads.

Availability[edit]

The Fusion Drive was announced as part of an Apple event held on October 23, 2012, with the first supporting products being two desktops: the iMac and Mac Mini with OS X Mountain Lion released in late 2012.^[3] Fusion Drive remains available in subsequent models of these computers, but was not expanded to other Apple devices: the latest MacBook and Mac Pro models use exclusively flash storage, and while this was an optional upgrade for the mid-2012 non-Retina MacBook Pro discontinued by Apple, it will replace the standard hard disk drive instead of complementing it in the fashion of Fusion Drive. Supported products have the following configurations:

Design[edit]

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Apple's Fusion Drive design incorporates proprietary features with limited documentation. It has been reported that the design of Fusion Drive has been influenced by a research project called Hystor.^[4] According to the paper,^[5] this hybrid storage system unifies a high-speed SSD and a large-capacity hard drive with several design considerations of which one has been used in The Fusion Drive.

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1. The SSD and the hard drive are logically merged into a single block device managed by the operating system, which is independent of file systems and requires no changes to applications.
2. A portion of SSD space is used as a write-back buffer to absorb incoming write traffic, which hides perceivable latencies and boosts write performance.
3. More frequently accessed data is stored on the SSD and the larger, less frequently accessed data stored on the HDD.
4. Data movement is based on access patterns: if data has been on the HDD and suddenly becomes frequently accessed, it will usually get moved to the SSD by the program controlling the Fusion Drive. During idle periods, data is adaptively migrated to the most suitable device to provide sustained data processing performance for users.

Several experimental studies^{[3][6][7][8][9][10]} have been conducted to speculate about the internal mechanism of Fusion Drive. A number of speculations are available but not completely confirmed.

1. Fusion Drive is a block-level solution based on Apple's Core Storage, a logical volume manager managing multiple physical devices.^[6][7] The capacity of a Fusion Drive is confirmed to be the sum of two devices.^[6][7] Fusion Drive is file system agnostic and effective for both HFS Plus and ZFS.^[8]
2. Part of the SSD space is used as a write buffer for incoming writes.^[6][7] In the stable state, a minimum 4 GB space is reserved for buffering writes.^[3][6][7] A small spare area is set aside on the SSD for performance consistency.^[7]
3. Data is promoted to the SSD based on its access frequency.^[6][7] The frequency is detected at the block level ^[9] and below file system memory cache.^[10] Data migration happens in 128 KB chunks during idle or light I/O periods.^[6][7]
4. Operating system and other critical documents are always cached on the SSD.^[6] Applications are likely to be handled similarly.^[7] A regular file can reside on both devices.^[9]

See also[edit]

• bcache, dm-cache, and Flashcache on Linux
• Smart Response Technology — a similar technology from Intel (for desktops)
• ExpressCache — used on a number of Wintel laptops
• ZFS - A file system using similar technology

References[edit]

1. ^Dominguez, Alberto (3 January 2019). 'The best desktop computers of 2018'. Pandora FMS. Archived from the original(html) on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
2. ^Hutchinson, Lee (October 23, 2012). 'Apple Fusion Drive—wait, what? How does this work?'. Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
3. ^ ^abcdShimpi, Anand Lal (October 24, 2012). 'Understanding Apple's Fusion Drive'. AnandTech. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
4. ^'Computer Science Research at Ohio State Makes Impact in Apple's Hybrid Storage Product'. www.cse.ohio-state.edu. 2013-04-08.
5. ^'Hystor Proceedings of the international conference on Supercomputing'. dl.acm.org. doi:10.1145/1995896.1995902. Retrieved 2020-02-25.
6. ^ ^abcdefgh'Achieving fusion—with a service training doc, Ars tears open Apple's Fusion Drive'. www.arstechnica.com. 2012-11-05.
7. ^ ^abcdefghi'A Month with Apple's Fusion Drive'. www.anandtech.com. 2013-01-18.
8. ^ ^ab'Fusion Drive - loose ends'. jolly.jinx.de/. 2012-10-31.^{[unreliable source?]}
9. ^ ^abc'More on BYO Fusion drive'. jolly.jinx.de/. 2012-10-31.^{[unreliable source?]}
10. ^ ^ab'Fusion Drive last words'. jolly.jinx.de/. 2012-11-04.^{[unreliable source?]}

External links[edit]

• Fusion Drive – Apple's description
• Fusion Drive – Apple Knowledge Base article